map No. 23 in the atlas is of Guangdong province. As it was not possible to include the entire Hainan island in the map, the island was printed in a separate place on the bottom left corner of the map, which does not feature Hoang Sa archipelago and Truong Sa archipelago, either.

This is the first Chinese map printed by the Qing dynasty in a Western style. It does not feature Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagoes in China’s sovereignty

In the map drawn by Homann Heirs in 1744, Hoang Sa archipelago drawings was annotated as "I. Ciampa " standing for "Islands Ciampa”, i.e. "Ciampa archipelago (belonged to the Kingdom)". Ciempa or Ciampa was the name western countries called Dang Trong region at that time as they believed this was an old land of the Champa kingdom

In the map drawn by W. Blaeu in 1645, the Pracel archipelago (Hoang Sa) was drawn connecting with islands such as Pulo Secca de Mare (Cu Lao Thu i.e. Phu Quy island), Pulo Cambir (Cu Lao Xanh), Pullo Canton (Cu Lao Re i.e. Ly Son island) as a continous chain of islands belonging to Cochinchina territory (Dang Trong)

The map drawn by Jodocus Hondius in 1613 depicted the Pracel archipelago (Hoang Sa), including all islands of Viet Nam from southern Bac Bo Gulf to the end of Viet Nam’s southern waters, except for Pulo Condor (Con Dao) and Pulo Cici (Phu Quoc island) which were drawn separately

An official document approved by King Bao Dai on December 27th in the 13th Bao Dai year (February 3rd, 1939) confirmed the maintainance of administrative management as well as the dispatch of soldiers to Hoang Sa

A report by Ministry of Public Works on June 21st, 1838 (the 19th King Minh Mang year) showed a survey and mapping of Hoang Sa. The report wrote that people dispatched to Hoang Sa were led by Do Mau Thuong and Le Trong Ba with Vu Van Hung as a guide.

In many ancient documents and maps of both Vietnamese people and foreigners, Viet Nam was the first country possessing and exercising the sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagoes. In past time, the two archipelagoes were referred to by the common name of Bai Cat Vang, Hoang Sa, Van Ly Truong Sa or Dai Truong Sa. According to many ancient documents, maps and historical and geographical documents, Viet Nam was the first country which took possession of and exercised the sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagoes.